For most disaster situations, bugging in will be your best option. However, in situations like flooding, hurricanes to some extent, and as we are seeing in California this week, wildfires, bugging out may be your only option. Here are some evacuation tips to consider…
- Pay attention to the news; many disasters like hurricanes and in many cases, wildfires, will provide enough advanced notice that you will know that evacuating is going to be necessary.
- Don’t wait until evacuation orders for your area are mandatory; leave way before you are forced to (leaving very early will help you avoid gridlocked traffic as well).
- Have pre-determined bug out locations (across the city, across the state, across the country, and international options as well).
- Alert everyone in the home that they will be evacuating and assign jobs if necessary (gather pets, gather everything from the safe, etc).
- If family members are not home, contact them and set a meet-up location if necessary (the family may all meet at a location on the way out of town or family members may be told to evacuate directly to the bug out location).
- Unless you are bugging out to your vacation home, alert your pre-planned bug out location host that you are on your way as soon as possible.
- Consider other bug out location options (your boat, for example).
- If you have multiple vehicles, consider which will be the best to take (a sedan, an SUV, a mini van, an RV, a motorcycle, etc). All of these options have positives and negatives, depending on your situation.
- Consider how you will leave your area. Check traffic cams, see if your airport is still open/has flights available, are backroads accessible or will these roads lead you into the wildfire area, etc.
- Always carry a paper map/atlas in your vehicle which shows all roads in your area.
- As you are leaving, gather information from multiple sources about current road conditions/disaster conditions (use local radio stations, various social media platforms, HAM radio, etc.).
- Pre-disaster, always have a bug out bag packed and ready to go for each family member and pet.
- Pre-disaster, always have all of your important documents scanned into your computer.
- Pre-disaster, always have all of your important documents stored in one envelope in your safe.
- Pre-disaster, have a checklist of things to do when leaving the house.
- Pre-disaster, always keep the fuel level in your vehicle at no less than three-quarter tank.
- Pre-disaster, have an evacuation plan for livestock, the elderly, the ill/infirm, babies/infants or anyone else who need special planning ahead of time.
- Pre-disaster, review your home/auto insurance and make sure it covers the disasters you are likely to experience (does it cover hotel stays? all rebuilding costs? living expenses?).
- Pre-disaster, have pre-packed plastic tubs of camping gear/water/food/emergency supplies, etc. that you can put into your vehicle just before evacuating.
- Pre-disaster, always have an emergency radio set to alert you if a disaster is heading your way.
- Pre-disaster, create pre-evacuation checklists for a variety of bug out situations (ie: board up windows for a hurricane, turn off gas at the meter, turn off water to your home–during an earthquake, keep it on during a wildfire–shut off electricity at the box, etc).
- Pre-disaster, make sure your emergency tools are in good working order (fire extinguishers are charged, smoke detectors are working, sandbags and sand are easily accessible, all first aid kits are restocked/items replaced on a regular basis, battery banks are charged up weekly, etc).
- Pre-disaster, print out an evacuation sign that you can quickly fill-in-the-blanks with a marker and duct tape to your door before you leave (ie: Our family (names) evacuated on (date, time) to (location) via (route). Contact (number, email). Special instructions (water left on, hidden key location, etc).
- Pre-disaster, regularly use the video/photo app on your cell phone to document every room of your home, safe contents, etc. to use for future insurance claims.
- Pre-disaster, make a checklist of grab and go items by room (safe contents, a couple of firearms and ammo, medications, pets, children, purse/wallet, INCH bag, bug out bags, laptop/charger, small heirlooms/photos, glasses, dentures, hearing aids, hidden cash, etc). Go room by room with a bag or pillowcase and quickly gather all of these items before evacuating.
- Pre-disaster, take a photo of each prescription and store these in your digital files, along with medical histories for each family member, in case you need medical services after evacuation.
- Pre-disaster, make sure your vehicle emergency kit has been updated on a regular basis.
- Pre-disaster, make a digital file of all personal info, list of creditors/bill, list of all assets (vehicles, property, etc), list of all investments and banks, etc. Update your bug out bag USB drive with all of your files regularly.
- Pre-disaster, scan all photos and store them in your backup drive.
- Pre-disaster, make a grab and go comfort kit for all family members (small stuffed animals for kids, toys, games, chocolate, mini bottles of whiskey, Kindle loaded with books, etc).
- When in doubt, get out. In a last-minute leave-or-die evacuation situation, get everyone in your vehicle as get out ASAP and sort everything else out when you are in a safe location.
- If you do not have a vehicle, determine multiple ways you would be able to evacuate (way ahead of time, not at the last minute) using public transportation, Uber/Lyft, a bicycle, leaving with a neighbor, etc. Having someone come from outside of a disaster area to get you may not be possible.
- Pay attention to your health and fitness now; this will be very important in an evacuation situation.
- Be sure each family member/emergency contact has important contact info for all other family members/emergency contacts such as full name, cell number, email address, social media handles, HAM call sign, etc). This should be kept on everyone’s cell phone as well as printed out and kept in each person’s wallet.
- Consider checking in on neighbors who may have difficulty planning for/evacuating and help them plan for this situation. During a disaster, make sure to check on them before evacuating.
- Determine if there is time to do any proactive protection activities around your home (bring outdoor furniture in, hose down your roof/house/yard, board up windows, etc). Don’t take time to do these things if you are in an urgent evacuation situation.
- Take a moment right now to determine your home’s GPS location and store this in your back up files (after a large-scale disaster, your entire neighborhood may be wiped off the map).
- Make a long-term plan for the possibility that your home burns down/is washed away in a flood/is blown away in a tornado. Where would you live, how would you earn an income, etc.
- Would you be able to evacuate from work? From school? From home? In the middle of the night? Sit down and write a plan for each of these situations.
- Do all family members know basic first aid/AED use/CPR? If not, get everyone trained up to this level.
- Do all family members know how to set up camp and survive outside/in the mountains/in an emergency shelter for a week or more? If not, practice these skills now.
- Do all family members know self defense/personal security/situational awareness/etc. If not, practice these skills regularly.
- Does each family member have a “middle of the night” emergency kit? This includes shoes, a flashlight, a cell phone, etc right next to the bed as well as an easily accessible bug out bag nearby.
- Does the family regularly practice fire drills at home? Lockdown drills? Escape and evasion drills? If not, consider practicing these things.
- Does the family continue to practice and improve disaster response skills? Improving firearms skills practice, taking community disaster prep classes, becoming CPR certified, etc. should be a regular family activity.
- Do family members volunteer in the community (CERT, EMS, SAR, etc)? If not, considering doing this.
- Develop a wide-range of contacts for people who could help you in an emergency (law enforcement, fire service, lawyer, veterinarian, doctor, etc).
- Have you practiced driving a variety of evacuation routes? If not, do this as a family activity on the weekends.
- Stack cash to use for an emergency. You want cash in hand, a robust emergency fund in the bank, credit cards with a significant amount of available credit on them, and an excellent credit score in case you need to get a loan to rebuild/etc.
- Practice evacuating your livestock and pets. If your cat has never been in a carrier, you don’t want to have them flipping out as you try to stuff them into a carrier during an emergency evacuation situation.
- Prepare to deal with multiple disasters at once (ie: evacuating to a far off location when one family member has the flu…how would you deal with this situation?). What would you do if you are evacuating during 110 degree weather or during a major snow storm? How would this impact your evacuation plans?
- Never underestimate the need for wag bags during an evacuation.
- How would you keep the family occupied/distracted during a long evacuation drive? Maybe put books, games, and movies on tablets for each family member to keep them occupied during the drive.
- Be sure to completely unpack everyone’s BOB in the spring and fall. Make sure the clothing is optimal for the season (and still fits), food is still edible, batteries have been replaced, etc.
- Depending on where you are bugging out to, consider having a power station (like an Anker or Bluetti 1000 watt battery bank) and portable solar panels to charge the device as well as a connection to charge the battery bank via your vehicle when driving.
- Consider putting together a bug out bag tablet which includes survival books, first aid books, etc.
- Check and see if there are local, disaster-specific resources (ie: county DEM website, National Hurricane Center website, CAL FIRE for local wildfire info, etc) for your location/disaster situation.
- On YouTube, subscribe to useful, disaster-specific channels such as Ryan Hall Y’All (weather), Reed Timmer (storm chaser), Cal Fire TV (California wildfires), etc.
- Google the specific type of disaster you are planning for and find additional resources to help you prepare (wildfire example here). You will usually find thousands of websites for every kind of disaster doing this.
- Sign up for text alerts from disaster agencies (local DEM, fire alerts, hurricane alerts, etc) and be sure your cell phone allows you to receive local emergency alerts/reverse 911 calls.
- Pack appropriate PPEs for each family member based on the type of disaster. In the case of wildfires this would include goggles, a cotton hat, cotton pants and long-sleeve top, an N95 mask or bandanna, etc.
- When driving out of a wildfire zone, remember to set your vehicle’s heat/AC to use recirculated air on order to keep the smoke out of your vehicle.
- For family members who have allergies/breathing difficulties that would be exacerbated by wildfire smoke, consider bringing extra inhalers, have them wear an N95 mask or even a PAPR for extreme situations.
- Make sure you always keep a 50-foot barrier between your home/outbuildings where all combustibles (dried grass, dried out shrubs) have been cleared.
- If you build in an area where disasters are common, research ways to build that are resistant to such disasters (ie: building with fire-resistant materials, building on stilts in flood-prone areas, etc).
- If you must evacuate and have limited options to do so, look into the resources offered in your community (ie: evacuation shelters, community transport out of the disaster area, areas set up for food and hygiene item giveaways, etc).
- During the disaster, keep abreast of updates on the situation via the media so you will know when it is safe to return.
- Don’t try to return home before given the all-clear by emergency personnel (there may be hazards present that they want to keep residents away from so don’t try to sneak back to your property before being allowed to do so).
- Consider how your actions can impact others (social media posts criticizing the response, misleading or factually incorrect social media posts, using your drone in an active response area, etc).
- Be prepared to return to your property (do you have the materials needed for basic clean-up; do you have a plan if rebuilding is necessary, how will you deal with looters, etc).
- Take advantage of all post-disaster services (generally FEMA and your local disaster management agencies will have information on this).
- When the disaster is completed and all of the dust has settled, so to speak, make a written “after action report” where you write down what worked well with your evacuation and what improvements you would make next time.
- Consider if you even want to return to/rebuild in the same area. People who repeatedly rebuild in hurricane-prone areas seem like an effort in futility.
- Ask for the assistance you need. People often are willing to help but have no idea how to do so. Tell your family/friends specifically what would be most helpful like gift cards, meals dropped off, childcare while you clean up, etc.
- Use social media to mark yourself safe/contact neighbors to check up on them/request help/post your Amazon wish list, etc.